Learn to write apps for some of today's hottest technologies, including the iPhone and iPad (using iOS), as well as the Mac (using OS X). Learn Objective-C on the Mac: For OS X and iOS, Second Edition is an extensive, newly updated guide to Objective-C, the native language that is the underlying foundation for the iOS and OS X software development kits. Read Book Learn Objective C On The Mac Learn Series Objective-C Tutorial - Tutorialspoint Learn Objective-C on the Mac: For OS X and iOS, Second Edition updates a best selling book and is an extensive, newly updated guide to Objective-C. Objective-C is a powerful, object-oriented extension of C, making this update the perfect follow-up to Dave. Use of Objective-C. Objective-C, as mentioned earlier, is used in iOS and Mac OS X. It has large base of iOS users and largely increasing Mac OS X users. And since Apple focuses on quality first and its wonderful for those who started learning Objective-C.
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- By Robert Clair
- Published Nov 14, 2012 by Addison-Wesley Professional. Part of the Learning series.
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- Sorry, this book is no longer in print.
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- Your Price: $25.59
- List Price: $31.99
- Includes EPUB, MOBI, and PDF
This eBook includes the following formats, accessible from your Account page after purchase:
EPUBThe open industry format known for its reflowable content and usability on supported mobile devices.
MOBIThe eBook format compatible with the Amazon Kindle and Amazon Kindle applications.
PDFThe popular standard, used most often with the free Adobe® Reader® software.
This eBook requires no passwords or activation to read. We customize your eBook by discreetly watermarking it with your name, making it uniquely yours.
Description
- Copyright 2013
- Edition: 2nd
- Book
- ISBN-10: 0-321-83208-6
- ISBN-13: 978-0-321-83208-5
Learning Objective C For Mac Download
Get Started Fast with Objective-C 2.0 Programming for OS X Mountain Lion, iOS 5.1, and Beyond
Fully updated for Xcode 4.4, Learning Objective-C 2.0, Second Edition, is today's most useful beginner's guide to Objective-C 2.0. One step at a time, it will help you master the newest version of Objective-C 2.0 and start writing high-quality programs for OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, iOS 5.1, and all of Apple's newest computers and devices.
Top OS X and iOS developer Robert Clair first reviews the essential object and C concepts that every Objective-C 2.0 developer needs to know. Next, he introduces the basics of the Objective-C 2.0 language itself, walking through code examples one line at a time and explaining what's happening behind the scenes.
This revised edition thoroughly introduces Apple's new Automated Reference Counting (ARC), while also teaching conventional memory-management techniques that remain indispensable. Carefully building on what you've already learned, Clair progresses to increasingly sophisticated techniques in areas ranging from frameworks to security. Every topic has been carefully chosen for its value in real-world, day-to-day programming, and many topics are supported by hands-on practice exercises.
Coverage includes
· Reviewing key C techniques and concepts, from program structure and formats to variables and scope
· Understanding how objects and classes are applied in Objective-C 2.0
· Writing your first Objective-C program with Xcode 4.4
· Using messaging to efficiently perform tasks with objects
· Getting started with Apple's powerful frameworks and foundation classes
· Using Objective-C control structures, including Fast Enumeration and exception handling
· Adding methods to classes without subclassing
· Using declared properties to save time and simplify your code
· Mastering ARC and conventional memory management, and knowing when to use each
· Using Blocks to prepare for concurrency with Apple's Grand Central Dispatch
· Leveraging Xcode 4.4 improvements to enums and @implementation
Sample Content
Online Sample Chapter
Sample Pages
Download the sample pages (includes Chapter 1 and Index)
Table of Contents
Preface xxv
Acknowledgments xxxv
About the Author xxxvii
Part I: Introduction to Objective-C 1
Chapter 1: C, the Foundation of Objective-C 3
The Structure of a C Program 4
Variables 8
Operators 16
Expressions and Statements 21
Program Flow 23
Preprocessor 33
Command Line Compiling and Debugging 37
Summary 39
Exercises 39
Chapter 2: More about C Variables 43
Memory Layout of a C Program 43
Automatic Variables 44
External Variables 46
Learning Objective C For Macbook Pro
Declaration Keywords 46
Scope 50
Dynamic Allocation 51
Summary 54
Exercises 55
Chapter 3: An Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming 57
Object-Oriented Programming 57
An Introduction to Objective-C 60
Objective-C Additions 68
Summary 74
Chapter 4: Your First Objective-C Program 75
Building with Xcode 75
Objective-C Program Structure 79
An Object-Oriented 'Hello World' 83
main.m 90
Summary 92
Exercises 92
Part II: Language Basics 95
Chapter 5: Messaging 97
Methods 97
A Simple Method 97
Methods with Arguments 98
Messaging 100
Messaging Details 103
Under the Hood 111
Message Forwarding 113
Learning Objective C For Macular Degeneration
Efficiency 114
Introspection and Other Runtime Fun 115
Summary 117
Exercises 117
Chapter 6: Classes and Objects 119
Defining a Class 119
Subclassing a Class 123
Creating Objects 131
Destroying Objects 139
Copying Objects 141
Summary 146
Exercises 146
Chapter 7: The Class Object 149
Class Objects 149
Other Class Methods 153
Mimicking Class Variables 158
Summary 163
Exercises 164
Chapter 8: Frameworks 167
What Is a Framework? 168
Cocoa and Cocoa Touch 169
AppKit 170
UIKit 171
Core Foundation 172
Core Graphics 175
Core Animation 176
Other Apple-Supplied Frameworks 176
Third-Party Frameworks 177
Under the Hood 178
Summary 179
Chapter 9: Common Foundation Classes 181
Immutable and Mutable Classes 181
Class Clusters 182
NSString 183
Collection Classes 188
NSNumber 193
NSNull 195
NSData 196
NSURL 197
Objective-C Literals and Object Subscripting 198
Structures 204
Geometry Structures on iOS 206
Summary 206
Exercises 207
Chapter 10: Control Structures in Objective-C 209
if Statements 209
for Statements and Implicit Loops 213
while Statements and NSEnumerator 215
Fast Enumeration 217
An Example Using Fast Enumeration 220
Exceptions 223
Summary 229
Exercises 230
Chapter 11: Categories, Extensions, and Security 233
Categories 233
Associative References 238
Extensions 240
Instance Variable Scope (Access Control) 242
Hiding Your Instance Variable Declarations 243
Access Control for Methods 246
Namespaces 246
Security 246
Calling C Functions from Objective-C 250
Summary 251
Exercises 251
Chapter 12: Properties 253
Accessing Instance Variables Outside of an Object (Don't Do It) 254
Declaring and Implementing Accessors 255
Accessors Using Properties 258
Synthesized Instance Variables 260
@synthesize by Default 261
Synthesis Summary 262
Private Properties 263
The @property Statement 263
More about @dynamic 266
Properties without Instance Variables 267
Properties and Memory Management 268
A Look Ahead at Automatic Reference Counting (ARC) 269
Subclassing and Properties 270
Hidden Setters for readonly Properties 271
Properties as Documentation 272
Dot Syntax 272
Summary 276
Exercises 277
Chapter 13: Protocols 279
The Rationale for Protocols 279
Using Protocols 280
TablePrinter 285
FruitBasket 287
main 288
A Problem 289
Implement the Optional Methods 290
Protocol Objects and Testing for Conformance 291
Informal Protocols 291
Summary 292
Exercises 293
Part III: Advanced Concepts 295
Chapter 14: Memory Management Overview 297
The Problem 298
The Solutions: Objective-C Memory Management 299
Onward 300
Chapter 15: Reference Counting 301
Reference Counting Basics 301
Receiving Objects 303
Ownership 305
dealloc 306
Returning Objects 308
retainCount 314
Multithreading 314
When Retain Counts Go Bad 316
Retain Cycles 319
The Final Goodbye: When Programs Terminate 321
Summary 322
Exercises 323
Chapter 16: ARC 325
What ARC Is and Is Not 326
How ARC Works 326
ARC Imposes Some Rules 328
New Variable Qualifiers 332
- Your Price: $25.59
- List Price: $31.99
- Includes EPUB, MOBI, and PDF
This eBook includes the following formats, accessible from your Account page after purchase:
EPUBThe open industry format known for its reflowable content and usability on supported mobile devices.
MOBIThe eBook format compatible with the Amazon Kindle and Amazon Kindle applications.
PDFThe popular standard, used most often with the free Adobe® Reader® software.
This eBook requires no passwords or activation to read. We customize your eBook by discreetly watermarking it with your name, making it uniquely yours.
Description
- Copyright 2013
- Edition: 2nd
- Book
- ISBN-10: 0-321-83208-6
- ISBN-13: 978-0-321-83208-5
Learning Objective C For Mac Download
Get Started Fast with Objective-C 2.0 Programming for OS X Mountain Lion, iOS 5.1, and Beyond
Fully updated for Xcode 4.4, Learning Objective-C 2.0, Second Edition, is today's most useful beginner's guide to Objective-C 2.0. One step at a time, it will help you master the newest version of Objective-C 2.0 and start writing high-quality programs for OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, iOS 5.1, and all of Apple's newest computers and devices.
Top OS X and iOS developer Robert Clair first reviews the essential object and C concepts that every Objective-C 2.0 developer needs to know. Next, he introduces the basics of the Objective-C 2.0 language itself, walking through code examples one line at a time and explaining what's happening behind the scenes.
This revised edition thoroughly introduces Apple's new Automated Reference Counting (ARC), while also teaching conventional memory-management techniques that remain indispensable. Carefully building on what you've already learned, Clair progresses to increasingly sophisticated techniques in areas ranging from frameworks to security. Every topic has been carefully chosen for its value in real-world, day-to-day programming, and many topics are supported by hands-on practice exercises.
Coverage includes
· Reviewing key C techniques and concepts, from program structure and formats to variables and scope
· Understanding how objects and classes are applied in Objective-C 2.0
· Writing your first Objective-C program with Xcode 4.4
· Using messaging to efficiently perform tasks with objects
· Getting started with Apple's powerful frameworks and foundation classes
· Using Objective-C control structures, including Fast Enumeration and exception handling
· Adding methods to classes without subclassing
· Using declared properties to save time and simplify your code
· Mastering ARC and conventional memory management, and knowing when to use each
· Using Blocks to prepare for concurrency with Apple's Grand Central Dispatch
· Leveraging Xcode 4.4 improvements to enums and @implementation
Sample Content
Online Sample Chapter
Sample Pages
Download the sample pages (includes Chapter 1 and Index)
Table of Contents
Preface xxv
Acknowledgments xxxv
About the Author xxxvii
Part I: Introduction to Objective-C 1
Chapter 1: C, the Foundation of Objective-C 3
The Structure of a C Program 4
Variables 8
Operators 16
Expressions and Statements 21
Program Flow 23
Preprocessor 33
Command Line Compiling and Debugging 37
Summary 39
Exercises 39
Chapter 2: More about C Variables 43
Memory Layout of a C Program 43
Automatic Variables 44
External Variables 46
Learning Objective C For Macbook Pro
Declaration Keywords 46
Scope 50
Dynamic Allocation 51
Summary 54
Exercises 55
Chapter 3: An Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming 57
Object-Oriented Programming 57
An Introduction to Objective-C 60
Objective-C Additions 68
Summary 74
Chapter 4: Your First Objective-C Program 75
Building with Xcode 75
Objective-C Program Structure 79
An Object-Oriented 'Hello World' 83
main.m 90
Summary 92
Exercises 92
Part II: Language Basics 95
Chapter 5: Messaging 97
Methods 97
A Simple Method 97
Methods with Arguments 98
Messaging 100
Messaging Details 103
Under the Hood 111
Message Forwarding 113
Learning Objective C For Macular Degeneration
Efficiency 114
Introspection and Other Runtime Fun 115
Summary 117
Exercises 117
Chapter 6: Classes and Objects 119
Defining a Class 119
Subclassing a Class 123
Creating Objects 131
Destroying Objects 139
Copying Objects 141
Summary 146
Exercises 146
Chapter 7: The Class Object 149
Class Objects 149
Other Class Methods 153
Mimicking Class Variables 158
Summary 163
Exercises 164
Chapter 8: Frameworks 167
What Is a Framework? 168
Cocoa and Cocoa Touch 169
AppKit 170
UIKit 171
Core Foundation 172
Core Graphics 175
Core Animation 176
Other Apple-Supplied Frameworks 176
Third-Party Frameworks 177
Under the Hood 178
Summary 179
Chapter 9: Common Foundation Classes 181
Immutable and Mutable Classes 181
Class Clusters 182
NSString 183
Collection Classes 188
NSNumber 193
NSNull 195
NSData 196
NSURL 197
Objective-C Literals and Object Subscripting 198
Structures 204
Geometry Structures on iOS 206
Summary 206
Exercises 207
Chapter 10: Control Structures in Objective-C 209
if Statements 209
for Statements and Implicit Loops 213
while Statements and NSEnumerator 215
Fast Enumeration 217
An Example Using Fast Enumeration 220
Exceptions 223
Summary 229
Exercises 230
Chapter 11: Categories, Extensions, and Security 233
Categories 233
Associative References 238
Extensions 240
Instance Variable Scope (Access Control) 242
Hiding Your Instance Variable Declarations 243
Access Control for Methods 246
Namespaces 246
Security 246
Calling C Functions from Objective-C 250
Summary 251
Exercises 251
Chapter 12: Properties 253
Accessing Instance Variables Outside of an Object (Don't Do It) 254
Declaring and Implementing Accessors 255
Accessors Using Properties 258
Synthesized Instance Variables 260
@synthesize by Default 261
Synthesis Summary 262
Private Properties 263
The @property Statement 263
More about @dynamic 266
Properties without Instance Variables 267
Properties and Memory Management 268
A Look Ahead at Automatic Reference Counting (ARC) 269
Subclassing and Properties 270
Hidden Setters for readonly Properties 271
Properties as Documentation 272
Dot Syntax 272
Summary 276
Exercises 277
Chapter 13: Protocols 279
The Rationale for Protocols 279
Using Protocols 280
TablePrinter 285
FruitBasket 287
main 288
A Problem 289
Implement the Optional Methods 290
Protocol Objects and Testing for Conformance 291
Informal Protocols 291
Summary 292
Exercises 293
Part III: Advanced Concepts 295
Chapter 14: Memory Management Overview 297
The Problem 298
The Solutions: Objective-C Memory Management 299
Onward 300
Chapter 15: Reference Counting 301
Reference Counting Basics 301
Receiving Objects 303
Ownership 305
dealloc 306
Returning Objects 308
retainCount 314
Multithreading 314
When Retain Counts Go Bad 316
Retain Cycles 319
The Final Goodbye: When Programs Terminate 321
Summary 322
Exercises 323
Chapter 16: ARC 325
What ARC Is and Is Not 326
How ARC Works 326
ARC Imposes Some Rules 328
New Variable Qualifiers 332
Properties 336
Retain Cycles 337
ARC and Core Foundation 340
Casting to and from void* 343
ARC and Extra Autorelease Pools 346
ARC and Exceptions 346
Using ARC 347
ARC Uses Runtime Functions 349
More Information 349
Summary 350
Exercises 351
Chapter 17: Blocks 353
Function Pointers 354
NSInvocation 359
Blocks 362
Some Philosophical Reservations 377
Summary 378
Exercises 378
Chapter 18: A Few More Things 381
Enums with a Fixed Underlying Type 381
Forward Declarations of Methods in the @implementation Block Are No Longer Needed 384
Some New Documentation 387
Summary 387
Exercises 387
Part IV: Appendices 389
Appendix A: Reserved Words and Compiler Directives 391
Appendix B: Toll-Free Bridged Classes 393
Appendix C: 32- and 64-Bit 395
Kernel and User Programs in 64-Bit 396
Coding Differences for 64-Bit Programs 396
Performance 396
Compiling for 32-Bit and 64-Bit 397
More Information 398
Appendix D: The Fragile Base Class Problem 399
Appendix E: Resources for Objective-C 401
Apple Resources 401
Internet Resources 402
Groups 402
Books 403
Index 405
More Information
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Objective-C is the main language for writing software on Apple's Mac OS X computers and iOS devices (iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch). It's an object-oriented language based on C, but the inclusion of features from Smalltalk give it a unique appearance when compared to similar languages such as C++, C#, and Java.
This is a short overview of the language and the tools that required to develop software using it. Excellent video resources are available when learning to Program in Objective-C & Xcode, and developers who are particularly interested in mobile apps will enjoy Objective C for iPhone-iPad App Programming.
Getting Started
Apple provides an integrated development environment (IDE) to use when writing software and apps in Objective-C. This IDE is called Xcode and it can only be installed on Apple computers running Mac OS X. However, it is possible to use OS X on a virtual machine in Windows and use Xcode that way.
There are some small differences in the requirements between developing for Mac OS X and iOS, and depending on how you want to distribute your completed projects.
When writing software for OS X or iOS and placing them on Apple's App Stores, you need:
- An Intel Mac running OS X Mavericks (10.9) or Mountain Lion (10.8).
- The latest version of Apple Xcode (5.1.1).
- A Mac Developer Program or iOS Developer Program account.
If you do not have an Apple Developer account, or cannot meet the minimum computer requirements, older versions of Xcode are available for Mac OS X dating back to OS X Panther (10.3) on PowerPC Macs. You will not be able to submit apps to Apple's App Stores, but running an older version of Xcode can be a good way of trying out programming with Objective-C.
Downloading and Installing Xcode
The latest version of the Xcode IDE, version 5.1.1, can be downloaded and installed for free from the Mac App Store. Older versions of the program can be found in Apple's Developer Center. You do not need a paid Developer Program account to access the Developer Center, only an Apple ID.
To download Xcode from the Developer Center:
- In your web browser, visit developer.apple.com/xcode/downloads.
- Under Related Tools & Resources, in Additional Tools, click View Downloads >.
- Login with your Apple ID and password.
- Xcode downloads are available in the Developer Tools category.
Not all versions of Xcode support the complete language, or building apps for iOS. In general, if you are planning to distribute your software, you should use the latest version of the IDE. You may not be able to submit your projects for inclusion in the iOS or Mac App Stores if you use any version of Xcode other than the most recent.
After downloading the '.dmg' for a suitable version of the software, you can install most of them on your system in the same way:
- Double-click the downloaded file to 'mount' the file and open it.
- Drag the Xcode icon into your Applications folder.
Creating a New Project
You will usually start by selecting one of the predefined application templates. The options available here are slightly different in each version of the IDE.
To try out some of the language features of Objective-C, without worrying about details like user interfaces, you can create a simple command line application:
- On the File menu, click New Project…
- Under Command Line Utility, click Foundation Tool.
- Click Next.
Learn Objective-c On The Mac For Os X And Ios Pdf
Specify a name for the project and the location where you would like it to be saved, and then click Finish. Xcode will create the necessary code files and configuration settings to give you a jump-start in writing the software.
Objective-C code files are stored with the extension '.m', and there will only be one of these in your project so far. The sample code generated by the application templates tends to vary between different versions of Xcode. However, in the case of a Foundation Tool command line program, it will look something like this:
C programmers will immediately be familiar with most of the code here.
This example begins with an #import directive that loads the Foundation library, which contains Objective-C's standard objects and functions.
Next there is the function main(), which is a standard C declaration. In this case, it is called by the operating system when the program is run, and any command line parameters are passed into the array argv. Curly brackets surround the code that is run when that function is called.
It may be obvious already that programming in Objective-C is a mix of writing code in C, and using Smalltalk code when dealing with objects.
Learning Objectives For Macbeth
Object-Oriented Programming in Objective-C
The code in square brackets on lines 4 and 9 are examples of how Objective-C uses the syntax from Smalltalk for object-oriented programming.
This is line 4:
This assignment statement accomplishes several tasks at once. First it declares a pointer to an NSAutoreleasePool object, and then it creates a new instance of an NSAutoreleasePool and initializes it.
All objects in Objective-C inherit a method called 'alloc' from NSObject. This method is used to allocate memory for the object, and it returns an ID reference not the usable object itself. To call the alloc method, you would use the following statement:
This is the standard syntax for calling a method, without parameters, in Objective-C.
To obtain a usable instance of the object, we first need to call its 'init' method, and this can be done by nesting the allocation statement inside the call to init, as the example below shows:
As a general rule, if you allocate a memory for an object, you must release this memory when you are finished with it.
Line 9 is an example of how to do this by calling the object's release method, which is also inherited from NSObject.
You will spend a lot of time debugging software as you write. NSLog() is defined as a global function in the Foundation library and is not part of any object. It is used for outputting debug messages and is extremely useful when fixing problems in your programs, or when experimenting.
Memory Management in Objective-C
Every time you allocate memory for an object, you must remember to release this memory when you are done. If you do not, the machine may run out of memory and terminate your program unexpectedly. Failing to release memory is also one of the most common reasons that Apple will reject your software or apps when you submit them to the Mac and iOS App Stores.
This process can be tricky for new programmers, and the most common example of this complexity comes with use of one of the most common objects, NSString.
The code above declares a string and then sends it to the debug window. It also demonstrates how some objects can be created without specifically calling the alloc and init methods.
However, the call to release message terminates the program with an error.
Generally speaking, unless you use the method alloc to allocate memory, you will not need to release it. If you are in any doubt, you can always try calling the release method, and removing it if it causes an error.
If you are writing for Mac OS X Lion (10.7) or IOS 5 and later versions of those operating systems, you may be relieved to learn that an extension known as 'Automatic Reference Counting' (ARC) was added to help with memory management. This removes some of the confusion surrounding when you should, and should not, release objects. However, it is in the nature of Objective-C programming that you must pay attention to memory management – disabling ARC and releasing memory yourself is extremely educational, and many developers enjoy the extra control that this gives them.
It's Mostly Just Practice
As this has been just a taster of the language, it may seem like a large jump from where you are now, to actually writing software in Objective-C. Why not learn by building 14 apps, or take a project-based approach to writing software in Xcode?
Learn Objective-c On The Mac
